Cinnamon is a spice derived from the inner bark of trees in the Cinnamomum genus. Known for its warm aroma and flavor, it is widely used in both sweet and savory dishes, as well as in beverages like tea and hot chocolate. Its distinctive taste comes from essential oils, primarily cinnamaldehyde, along with compounds like eugenol.
While “cinnamon” refers to several tree species, only a few are commercially cultivated. Cinnamomum verum (also called C. zeylanicum), known as Ceylon cinnamon, is considered “true” cinnamon. However, most cinnamon on the market comes from cassia varieties, including Indonesian (C. burmanni), Chinese (C. cassia), Saigon (C. loureiroi), and the lesser-known Malabar (C. citriodorum).
“The Different Types of Cinnamon: Why Ceylon Reigns Supreme”
Did you know that cinnamon isn’t just one spice but comes in several varieties? Each type has its own unique flavor, aroma, and health properties. However, Ceylon cinnamon, often referred to as “true cinnamon,” is considered the finest due to its superior quality and health benefits.
This article will break down the different types of cinnamon, highlight their key differences, and explain why Ceylon cinnamon is the best choice for both cooking and wellness.
1. Cassia Cinnamon:
Cinnamomum cassia, also known as cassia or Chinese cinnamon, is primarily grown in Southeast Asia and is the most widely available type in North America. It has a bold, spicy flavor with a hint of bitterness and is commonly used in desserts like ice cream, stewed fruit, chocolate, and pies.
Cassia cinnamon has a dark red-brown color with thick bark and has been traditionally used in medicine. While research is ongoing, it has been linked to potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and cardiovascular effects.
However, cassia contains high levels of coumarins, compounds that may be harmful in excess. Consuming more than 0.1 mg per kg of body weight daily could affect blood coagulation, especially for those on blood thinners. More research is needed to fully understand its potential risks and interactions.
2. Saigon Cinnamon:
Saigon cinnamon (Cinnamomum loureiroi), native to Vietnam, is a cassia variety known for its high cinnamaldehyde and volatile oil content. This gives it a bold, spicy-sweet flavor, making it a popular choice for baked goods like oatmeal, cinnamon rolls, and coffee cakes.
Among all cinnamon types, Saigon cinnamon has one of the richest flavors. It’s commonly sprinkled on honey toast, blended into smoothies, or mixed into oatmeal. However, it also enhances savory dishes like curries and lamb, and whole cinnamon sticks are sometimes simmered in milk for a warm, comforting drink.
Despite its name, Saigon cinnamon isn’t grown near Saigon. The name comes from the city’s history as a major trading hub, but most of what’s sold as Saigon cinnamon is actually Cinnamomum cassia cultivated in Vietnam.
3. Ceylon Cinnamon:
Ceylon cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), often referred to as true cinnamon, is native to Sri Lanka and valued for its delicate flavor and health benefits. Research suggests it has anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and cholesterol-lowering properties, with potential applications in managing chronic diseases.
Recognizable by its light brown color and mild, slightly floral, and citrusy taste, Ceylon cinnamon is considered more refined than cassia. Though less widely available and typically found in specialty stores, it enhances the flavor of various dishes, particularly baked goods like bread, pastries, and cinnamon rolls.
4. Korintje Cinnamon:
Korintje cinnamon, also known as Indonesian cinnamon, is the most commonly used variety in the United States for commercial food production. As the sweetest and most adaptable type of Cassia cinnamon, it has been a staple in the spice trade for centuries.
Its name originates from the Kerinci Regency in Sumatra, Indonesia, where the climate is ideal for cultivating the Cinnamomum burmannii tree. In the 17th century, the Dutch controlled the spice trade in Southeast Asia and cultivated cinnamon in this region. They adapted the local name “Kerinci” into the Dutch “Korintje,” establishing it as a major product in their global trade network.
Health Benefits of Ceylon Cinnamon
Ceylon cinnamon is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, offering several potential health benefits:
• Reduces Inflammation: Contains cinnamaldehyde, which may help lower inflammation linked to heart disease, diabetes, and arthritis.
• Lowers Cholesterol: May reduce bad (LDL) cholesterol without affecting good (HDL) cholesterol, supporting heart health.
• Improves Insulin Sensitivity: Helps regulate blood sugar levels, benefiting those with diabetes or insulin resistance.
• May Fight Cancer: Early research suggests it may slow cancer cell growth and reduce inflammation.
• Supports Blood Pressure: Moderate consumption may help lower hypertension, especially in younger individuals.
• Aids Digestion: Helps soothe IBD, colitis, and gut inflammation by regulating serotonin levels in the digestive system.
• Protects Brain Health: May help prevent Alzheimer’s disease by reducing amyloid plaques and regulating glucose levels.
Delicate Flavour & Rich Aroma
Ceylon cinnamon offers a mild sweetness with subtle citrus and floral notes, unlike the intense, spicy taste of cassia. Its elegant aroma makes it the preferred choice for those seeking a smooth and well-balanced spice.
Widely Used in Cooking & Traditional Medicine
A favourite in gourmet cuisine, Ceylon cinnamon enhances baked goods, desserts, and savoury dishes. It is also highly regarded in Ayurvedic and traditional medicine for its potential to support blood sugar balance and aid digestion, solidifying its status as a top-tier cinnamon variety.
How to Identify and Purchase Authentic Ceylon Cinnamon
To ensure you’re buying genuine Ceylon cinnamon, look for thin, delicate, tan-brown quills with multiple layers and a mild, subtly sweet flavor with hints of citrus. Always check the label for “Ceylon Cinnamon” or “Canela.”
Key Features of Ceylon Cinnamon:
• Appearance: Unlike the darker, thicker Cassia cinnamon, Ceylon cinnamon has a light tan-brown color and a thin, papery texture that forms multiple layers when rolled.
• Flavor: It offers a delicate, mildly sweet taste with citrus undertones, whereas Cassia cinnamon is stronger and more peppery.
• Texture: Ceylon cinnamon breaks easily due to its fragile, layered structure, while Cassia is thicker and more rigid.
• Aroma: It has a light, pleasant fragrance, unlike Cassia cinnamon, which has a stronger, spicier scent.
• Origin: Ceylon cinnamon is exclusively grown in Sri Lanka, so check for products that specify their source.
• Certifications: Look for labels such as “Sri Lanka Cinnamon” to verify authenticity.
• Reliable Sellers: Purchase from trusted retailers or reputable spice suppliers to ensure you’re getting genuine, high-quality Ceylon cinnamon.
• Labeling: Always check the label—authentic Ceylon cinnamon is typically clearly marked due to its premium quality and higher cost.
Ways to Enjoy Ceylon Cinnamon:
• Add to chai lattes, hot chocolate, and mulled cider
• Enhance pumpkin pie, cinnamon rolls, and curries
• Use in meat rubs and spice blends
Precautions & Warnings
• Oral Consumption: Ceylon cinnamon is commonly used in food and is possibly safe as a supplement in doses of 0.5–3 grams daily for up to 6 months. However, its safety in higher doses or long-term use remains unclear.
• Pregnancy & Breastfeeding: While safe in food amounts, consuming larger doses during pregnancy is likely unsafe. For breastfeeding, there isn’t enough reliable data, so it’s best to stick to normal dietary amounts.
• Surgery: Ceylon cinnamon may affect blood sugar and blood pressure levels, potentially interfering with surgical procedures. To be safe, discontinue use at least two weeks before surgery.
Conclusion
Ceylon cinnamon is renowned for its subtle sweetness, fragrant aroma, and numerous health benefits. With lower coumarin levels than cassia cinnamon, it is a safer option for regular use. Whether enhancing gourmet dishes, supporting traditional medicine, or promoting overall wellness, Ceylon cinnamon is a valuable and flavorful addition to a healthy diet.
When purchasing, always look for authentic Ceylon cinnamon from trusted sources to enjoy its full benefits.
Make the switch today! Have you tried Ceylon cinnamon before? Share your experience in the comments!